Il B-727-100 N467US del dirottamento di Dan Cooper
Dopo 45 anni, l’FBI ha deciso lo scorso luglio di sospendere le indagini “attive” su D.B. Cooper, il misterioso pirata che il 24 novembre 1971 si eclissò paracadutandosi dal B-727 che aveva dirottato, dopo essere riuscito a farsi dare 200.000 dollari di riscatto.
Quello di D.B. Hoover resterà l’unico crimine aeronautico irrisolto degli Stati Uniti d’America, anche se la sospensione delle indagini “attive” di fatto non chiuderà il caso del tutto.
Il misterioso D. B. Cooper
D.B. Cooper è un nome falso, con cui un misterioso uomo, all’incirca di 45 anni di età, acquistò un biglietto di sola andata per il 24 novembre del 1971, alle ore 14:50, per il volo 305 della Northwest Orient Airlines in servizio da Portland a Seattle. Il nome era in realtà quello di Dan Cooper, più tardi frainteso e mutato dalla stampa in D.B. Cooper.
Nonostante fosse la vigilia della Festa del Ringraziamento, il volo era occupato per meno della metà dei posti disponibili, e il fantomatico D. B. Cooper si sedette al posto 18C, portando con sé una valigetta nera.
L’aereo, un B-727-100 immatricolato N467US, avrebbe impiegato all’incirca mezz’ora per compiere la breve tratta tra le due città, e il signor Cooper subito dopo il decollo chiamò un’assistente di volo, Florence Schaffner, dandole un biglietto di carta piegato, invitandola a leggerlo. Questa, ritenendo che fossero le avance di uno scapolo incallito, ripose il biglietto nella tasca senza leggerlo, costringendo Cooper ad alzarsi, raggiungerla ed invitarla a leggere il biglietto, avendo lui una bomba nella valigia.
Una volta appurato che si trattava di un dirottamento, l’uomo chiese all’equipaggio di raggiungere Seattle, dove richiese che gli venissero consegnati 200.000 dollari americani in contanti e 4 paracadute, oltre al rifornimento dell’aereo.
Nessuno dei passeggeri si accorse del dirottamento in corso, e il comandante William Scott contattò lo scalo di Seattle per trasmettere le richieste di Cooper, successivamente comunicando ai passeggeri che l’atterraggio sarebbe avvenuto in ritardo per alcuni piccoli problemi tecnici.
L’FBI, prontamente contattato, predispose quindi da una parte un piano di intervento sull’aereo e dall’altra la raccolta del denaro richiesto, preparandosi a gestire ogni possibile evenienza. Le banconote, tutte microfilmate, vennero messe in una valigetta e portate all’aeroporto, dove, dopo due ore di volo in circolo sulla città, l’aereo fu finalmente fatto atterrare.
Una volta a terra furono consegnati i soldi e i paracadute, fu effettuato il rifornimento, dopodiché Cooper liberò tutti i passeggeri e le assistenti di volo e consegnò ai piloti le istruzioni per il successivo volo.
Chiese di raggiungere il Messico, volando tuttavia con una strana configurazione che prevedeva il mantenimento alla velocità minima di circa 100 nodi, ad una quota di 10.000 piedi (circa 3.000 metri), senza retrarre i carrelli dopo il decollo, con i flap abbassati di 15°, mantenendo l’aereo non pressurizzato.
Alle 19:40 il B-727 decollò da Seattle e poco dopo Cooper ordinò a tutto l’equipaggio di restare chiuso in cabina. Dopo circa 20 minuti di volo azionò i comandi manuali per l’apertura
del portello ventrale posteriore (quello da cui si accedeva all’aereo con una scala retrattile), facendolo estendere e provocando un leggero cambio di assetto all’aeroplano.
All’arrivo a Reno dell’aereo, di Cooper non c’era più traccia a bordo. Era evidente che si fosse lanciato intorno alle 20:00 utilizzando uno dei quattro paracadute ottenuti insieme al denaro.
Dan Cooper, nell’identikit prodotto dall’FBI.
Quarant’anni di infruttuosa caccia all’uomo
Da quel 24 novembre del 1971, di D.B. Cooper e del denaro non si seppe più nulla. Le indagini portarono ad una accurata ispezione del territorio sorvolato dall’aereo, senza tuttavia riuscire ad individuare alcun elemento utile all’indagine per catturare il temerario dirottatore.
Secondo una parte degli esperti che si sono alternati nella conduzione dell’indagine, Cooper sarebbe morto nel tentativo di effettuare il pericoloso lancio dall’aereo, finendo probabilmente nell’impenetrabile e fitta vegetazione tra l’Oregon e lo stato di Washington.
L’indagine si presentò estremamente complessa sin dall’inizio. Stabilire l’esatto punto in cui Cooper si fosse lanciato era impossibile, così come la probabile area di atterraggio, che venne circoscritta e setacciata senza alcun successo durante diciotto settimane di perlustrazione.
Di Cooper non si trovò traccia, facendo quindi diminuire progressivamente l’interesse sul caso e consegnando alla leggenda la storia del dirottamento.
Nel 1980, tuttavia, un bambino trovò sul greto del fiume Columbia alcune banconote in pessimo stato di conservazione, e la successiva indagine dell’FBI dimostrò che erano parte di quelle consegnate a Cooper. Il ritrovamento dette nuovo impulso alle indagini, facendo concentrare le ricerche nell’area del fiume Columbia e coinvolgendo un gran numero di militari e poliziotti, senza riuscire tuttavia ad individuare altri elementi.
Dan Cooper ha successivamente ispirato numerosi tentativi di dirottamento – alcuni dei quali riusciti, sebbene poi risolti dall’FBI – dando impulso a quella cultura della sicurezza che ha progressivamente portato al controllo sistematico dei bagagli e dei passeggeri, che ha contribuito a limitare drasticamente il fenomeno della pirateria aerea negli anni successivi.
Un gran numero di libri è stato scritto sull’episodio, senza tuttavia mai riuscire a fornire la soluzione del caso, sebbene fornendo l’ispirazione per altrettanti film più o meno di successo che hanno aperto la strada di un vero e proprio filone cinematografico.
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